Modeling of Elastic Oscillations in a Fractured Rock Mass ahead of an Underground Roadway Face
Abstract
The propagation of vibrations in a rock mass arises from sources such as explosions, equipment-induced vibrations, seismic activity, and other dynamic processes. During the interaction of a cutting tool with a coal seam, the rock undergoes compression and deformation, generating stresses in the contact zone. These stresses initiate the propagation of elastic waves within the rock mass. As these waves traverse various geological structures, they undergo reflection and refraction, acting as unique carriers of information about the rock condition. Such waves can serve as indicators of dynamic phenomena, including sudden roadway roof collapses, floor heaving, and rock bursts. This study aims to identify the patterns of vibration propagation generated ahead of the roadway face by the operation of a rock-cutting tool. The research methodology combines analytical modeling of wave processes with numerical analysis of the stress-strain state in the rock near excavations. The study examines the distribution of oscillation amplitudes and displacement velocity as functions of the failure zone length and the ratio of acoustic impedance between the damaged and intact rock mass. These findings contribute to improving the prediction of dynamic phenomena during underground excavations by analyzing acoustic signals.