As is well known, one of the key problems facing modern humanity is atmospheric pollution caused by harmful industrial emissions, which negatively affect both the environment and public health. The main goal of this study is to conduct an analytical assessment of the impact of atmospheric air pollution on public health, using molybdenum production as an example. The evaluation includes an analysis of the acute toxic effects of pollutants on public health resulting from emissions of a molybdenum enterprise. The assessment of health risks caused by exposure to chemical air pollutants in the emissions of molybdenum mining enterprises revealed that the individual carcinogenic risk associated with substances such as nitrogen dioxide, dust, ammonia, sodium sulfide, and benzo [a] pyrene (a total of 17 substances) is 0.999.