Extraction of Plant Growth Regulators and their Impact on the Growth Processes of Cereal Crops
Abstract
This article presents the results of a study examining the influence of growth regulators derived from various plant species on the growth of wheat and barley, utilizing infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Laboratory experiments assessed the growth-stimulating and fungicidal activity of the preparations at dilutions of 1:10, 1:25, 1:50, and 1:100. Extracts from germinated samples, without the addition of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP), served as standards. Wheat and barley seeds were treated with these different dilutions. The study identified functional groups—such as phenolic compounds, carboxyl, and amino groups—from growth regulator extracts, corresponding to key plant hormones like cytokinins, gibberellins, and auxins. These growth regulators were shown to be effective at concentrations thousands of times lower than known biostimulants. When seeds were treated with a 2% concentration of 6-BAP, the results indicated an increase in yield and resistance to root rot in cereal crops. Additionally, effective seed treatment methods for field conditions were identified. The study concluded that growth regulators derived from natural sources, when combined with small amounts of 6-BAP, induce significant changes in the growth and development of agricultural crops.