Optimization of Friction Stir Processed (FSPed) Copper Surface Composite Mechanical Characteristics Using Grey Model (1, N)
Abstract
The primary aim of this research work is to enhance the mechanical characteristics of friction stir processed (FSPed) surface composites. The study proposes a methodology for estimating the Tool rotation speed (TRS), traverse speed (TS) of the tool, and Volume % (Vol. %) of reinforcements for friction stir processing (FSP) of surface composites as process parameters, using a taper threaded tool pin profile. In the initial stage, experiments were conducted at optimum levels of TRS, TS &Vol. % of reinforcements, including Boron Carbide (B4C), Silicon Carbide (SiC), and Titanium Diboride (TiB2) by employing the blind hole method. The experimental results such as microhardness (H), impact toughness (IT), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS), and elongation percentage (%EL) of the Copper surface composites were collected. In the next stage, A Grey model (1, N) optimization methodology was proposed for estimating the mechanical characteristics based on process parameters for copper surface composites (Cu-SC’S). The subsequent stage involved the application of the Grey Model (GM) optimization approach to predict the mechanical characteristics. The optimization model of GM (1, N) established a relatively low average error, with percentages of 6 %, 7%, 3 %, 2%, and 5% respectively, compared to the experimental results.